Monday, December 24, 2012

Software Engineering - Course Materials - Handouts and Slides


Software Engineering Economics and Management
Koren Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Course by Jong Moon Baik
http://spiral.kaist.ac.kr/courses/2009/spring/ICE0539/Index_files/Schedule.htm


_________________



Source: http://www.nyu.edu/classes/jcf/g22.2440-001/slides/
Slides of Course of Dr. Jean Claude Frachitti, New York University




_________________

Handouts of the course of Dr. Jean Claude Frachitti, New York University



Source: http://www.nyu.edu/classes/jcf/g22.2440-001/handouts/



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Sunday, July 15, 2012

C++ Interview Questions and Answers - Collection

Java Interview Questions and Answers - Collection

Wednesday, July 11, 2012

Learning HTML

Learning HTML

Learning HTML

Authors

Web pages are written in HTML.
Most of us type plain english in blogs etc. But at the backend all this is converted into HTML. During edit process we can even change the HTML if we know some HTML are change the way our web page  looks.
HTML files contain:
HTML tags that indicate page elements, structure, formatting, and hypertext links to other pages and
the content of the page.
HTML Tages
HTML tags look like this
<TITLE> Learning HTML</TITLE>
The above HTML tag is a specific example.
The general pattern is
<The TagName>Affected text</The TagName>
To be continued

Monday, July 9, 2012

Software Cost Management

Software Cost Management

Software Cost Management

Authors

Introduction    

 

 

 Project cost management includes the processes required to ensure that the project is completed within an approved budget.
   

Project Cost Management Processes

  

Cost estimating: Developing an approximation or estimate of the costs of the resources needed to complete a project.

Cost budgeting: Allocating the overall cost estimate to individual work items to establish a baseline for measuring performance.

 Cost control: Controlling changes to the project budget.

 

(Source: http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/ghazy/CSC548%20PM/RC7_Proj_Cost_Mgmt.pdf)

 

 Interesting web page
 
software-maintenance-implications-on-cost-and-schedule

 

 

 

 Software Cost  Estimation

 

Software estimation is a complex activity and to take care of it many commercial software estimation tools are developed and marketed. As of 2005, some of these estimating tools include COCOMO II, CoStar, CostModeler, CostXpert, KnowledgePlan, PRICE S, SEER, SLIM, and SoftCost.

 

The major features of commercial software-estimation tools include the attributes:

   
  • Sizing logic for specifications, source code, and test cases.
  • Phase-level, activity-level, and tasklevel estimation.
  • Adjustments for specific work periods, holidays, vacations, and overtime.
  • Adjustments for local salaries and burden rates.
  • Adjustments for various software projects such as military, systems, commercial, etc.
  • Support for function point metrics, lines of code (LOC) metrics, or both.
  • Support for backfiring or conversion between LOC and function points.
  • Support for both new projects and maintenance and enhancement projects.
   

Some estimating tools also include more advanced functions such as the following:

  • Quality and reliability estimation.
  • Risk and value analysis.
  • Return on investment.
  • Sharing of data with project management tools.
  • Measurement models for collecting historical data.
  • Cost and time-to-complete estimates mixing historical data with projected data.
  • Support for software process assessments.
  • Statistical analysis of multiple projects and portfolio analysis.
  • Currency conversion for dealing with overseas projects.
 

(Source: Capers Jones,  http://www.stsc.hill.af.mil/crosstalk/2005/04/0504Jones.html)

     

Cost Drivers for Large Software Systems: Paperwork and Defect Removal (Capers Jones)

 

Large software projects devote more effort to producing paper documents and to removing bugs or defects than to producing source code.

 

Therefore, accurate estimation for large software projects must include the effort for producing paper documents, and the effort for finding and fixing bugs or defects, among other things.

 

A key aspect of software cost estimating is predicting the time and effort that will be needed for design reviews, code inspections, and all forms of testing. To estimate defect removal costs and schedules, it is necessary to know about how many defects are likely to be encountered.

 

The typical sequence is to estimate defect volumes for a project and then to estimate the series of reviews, inspections, and tests that the project utilizes. The defect removal efficiency of each step will be estimated also. The effort and costs for preparation, execution, and defect repairs associated with each removal activity also will be estimated.

 

One important aspect of estimating is dealing with the rate at which requirements creep and, hence, make projects grow larger during development.

 

Adjustment Factors for Software Estimates (Capers Jones)

For estimating costs for  real software projects, the basic default assumptions of estimating tools must be adjusted to match the reality of the project being estimated. These adjustment factors are a critical portion of using software estimating tools. Some of the available adjustment factors include the following:

Staff experience with similar projects.

Client experience with similar projects.

Type of software to be produced.

Size of software project.

Size of deliverable items (documents, test cases, etc.).

Requirements methods used.

Review and inspection methods used.

Design methods used.

Programming languages used.

Reusable materials available.

Testing methods used.

Paid overtime.

Unpaid overtime.

         

 Related Knols

 

     

Thursday, June 28, 2012

Apple IPad and Tablet Computers

2012


June 2012
Google unveils Nexus 7 tablet.
Review of Nexus 7

New Ipad
_______________ _______________

28.8.2011

IPads are now everywhere. Recently there was a massive protest and fast movement in India by Anna Hazare. The persons on the stage were following developments in the country over Ipad.

There is a news item that says Directors on the boards are being given Ipads to read balance sheets and other information of the company during board meetings also. Salesmen are carrying Ipads to demonstrate their products to customers. Recently there was a seminar in my Institute (on Wednesday, 24.8.2011). Two of the panel members brought their Ipads and doing something or other during idle periods. So tablet computers or Ipads are now the essential infrastructure of information processors. 


26.6.2011

Apple IPad started the tablet growth. Now there are many more manufacturers of tablet computers.
In 2010, 15 million tablets were sold. Gartner expects 54 million is 2011. (  http://money.cnn.com/2011/03/03/technology/tablet_pc/index.htm  ). The sales will touch 204 million by 2014 ( http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1452614   )

Other Manufacturers and Their Products

Blackberry - Playbook

Motorola Xoom

Creative ZIIO - 7

Acer - Iconia A500 and  Iconia W500

Sony's Tablets
http://technologizer.com/2011/07/14/sony-tablets-2/   July 2011
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4 May 2010

One Million IPads sold

Apple announced that it sold its one millionth iPad in just 28 days after its introduction on April 3, 2010. iPad users have already downloaded over 12 million apps from the App Store and over 1.5 million ebooks from the new iBookstore. 
“One million iPads in 28 days—that’s less than half of the 74 days it took to achieve this milestone with iPhone,” said Steve Jobs, Apple’s CEO. “Demand continues to exceed supply and we’re working hard to get this magical product into the hands of even more customers.”
iPad allows users to connect with their apps and content in a more intimate, intuitive and fun way than ever before. Users can browse the web, read and send email, enjoy and share photos, watch HD videos, listen to music, play games, read ebooks and much more, all using iPad’s revolutionary Multi-Touch™ user interface. iPad is 0.5 inches thin and weighs just 1.5 pounds—thinner and lighter than any laptop or netbook—and delivers up to 10 hours of battery life.
Developers have created over 5,000 exciting new apps for iPad that take advantage of its Multi-Touch user interface, large screen and high-quality graphics.
--------------------------------------
Apple is advertising that using IPad people can browse web, write emails, flick through photos, and watch movies. It is a revolutionary device available at $499. It is just 1.5 pounds, 0.5 inches thin and has a 9.7 inch LED backlit IPS display.

_____________________


Design Features

Applications
_____________________

IPad can use wi-fi as well as 3G networks. But initially Wi-fi model will be available in March 2010. In April 3G enabled model will be available.

A full size key board can be used along with IPad.

Applications

iPad includes 12 new innovative apps designed especially for the iPad.

The new iBooks app for iPad includes Apple’s new iBookstore, the best way to browse, buy and read books on a mobile device. The iBookstore will feature books from major and independent publishers.

IPad will work with all the applications of IPhone. Developers on the job to create new applications as well as modify existing IPhone apps to make use of additional facilities offered by IPad.

Pricing & Availability 

iPad will be available in late March worldwide for a suggested retail price of $499 (US) for the 16GB model, $599 (US) for the 32GB model, $699 (US) for the 64GB model. The Wi-Fi + 3G models of iPad will be available in April in the US and selected countries for a suggested retail price of $629 (US) for the 16GB model, $729 (US) for the 32GB model and $829 (US) for the 64GB model. iPad will be sold in the US through the Apple Store® (www.apple.com), Apple’s retail stores and select Apple Authorized Resellers. International pricing and worldwide availability will be announced at a later date. iBookstore will be available in the US at launch.

______________________





______________________


______________________

IPad and Mobile Games

At the launch, Apple showed off Gameloft’s Nova first-person shooter game, optimized for the iPad.

French mobile game publisher Gameloft says that it is very excited about making games for the new iPad tablet computer from Apple.
An entry in mobile gaming news says, "previews (on IPad) from EA and Gameloft of enhanced versions of existing titles  which looked pretty cool. It was good to see that they have used the extra screen size to add in more controls; more complicated gestures will also be possible on a bigger screen. Without a doubt, the games will be bigger, faster and exceed anything a DS or PSP could ever achieve."
______________________

Shortcomings


Some people are pointing out shortcomings.
1. Only one application can be run at a time. People are now accustomed to run multiple applications on computers now. Hearing music and reading emails can be a combination that many may like.
2. Flash will not run on ipad.
3. USB port is not there.


Is Apple IPad the First Tablet PC?

No.
In 2001 by Microsoft announced a pen-enabled computer conforming to hardware specifications devised by Microsoft and running "Windows XP Tablet PC Edition" operating system or a derivative thereof  and named it as Table PC.
Tablet PCs were produced by reputed companies as Compaq and Toshiba. Now the rush is to create tablet PCs with touch screens.
Different producers are announcing their models.
HP has a product

_________________________

Related News

OK - http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao/apple-ipad-and-tablet-computers/2utb2lsm2k7a/ 2220

Wednesday, June 27, 2012

Cloud Computing Service Providers - India

Cloud Computing Service Providers - India

Cloud Computing Service Providers - India

Authors

 28.6.2012
Microsoft cloud solutions for India
Visit http://www.microsoft.com/en-in/server-cloud/readynow/default.aspx for information and  videos
EMC Corporation and Zinnov Management Consulting India estimate that the total cloud market in India, currently at $400 million (2011), will reach a market value of $ 4.5 billion by 2015. Of this private cloud adoption will dominate and account for $3.5 billion in revenues, growing at over 60%. The study also estimates that the segment will create 100,000 jobs by 2015 from 10,000 today.
TCS
Wipro
Get the SAP Saas edge with Wipro's Cloud Computing Services.
IBM
ibm.com/smarterplanet/in/cloudcomputing
Huawei
Related Knols

Wednesday, June 13, 2012

Software Engineering, Testing and Project Management - Online Book

Software Engineering, Testing and Project Management - Knol Book

Software Engineering, Testing and Project Management - Knol Book

Software engineering is a systematic and disciplined approach to developing software. It applies both computer science and engineering principles and practices to the creation, operation, and maintenance of software systems.

Authors

Collected Knols

Comments

Short urls

http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/2utb2lsm2k7a/3705
Narayana Rao - 25 Dec 2010

50 Knol Books by Narayana Rao K.V.S.S.

In the areas of management, engineering and sciences. Knol books to help visitors browse knols in a subject in an easy way.

List

http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao-k-v-s-s/list-of-knol-books-by-narayana-rao-k-v/2utb2lsm2k7a/3248#

I advocate that Knol authors assemble at least 1000 knol books at the earliest. Knol has good content. It needs to be organized around subjects. Then gaps can be identified and can be filled by writing new knols.
Narayana Rao - 24 Dec 2010

Seasons Greetings


SEASONS GREETINGS - HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS 2011

http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao-k-v-s-s/seasons-greetings-happy-and-prosperous/2utb2lsm2k7a/2071#
Narayana Rao - 23 Dec 2010

ASP.NET - Online Book

ASP.NET Knol Book

ASP.NET Knol Book

Authors

ASP.NET is a server side scripting technology that enables scripts (embedded in web pages) to be executed by an Internet server.
•ASP.NET is a Microsoft Technology
•ASP stands for Active Server Pages
•ASP.NET is a program that runs inside IIS (Internet Information Services), Microsoft's Internet server
•IIS comes as a free component with Windows servers
•IIS is also a part of Windows 2000 and XP Professional

An ASP.NET file is just the same as an HTML file. It can contain HTML, XML, and scripts
•Scripts in an ASP.NET file are executed on the server
•An ASP.NET file has the file extension ".aspx"

ASP.NET Working

When a browser requests an ASP.NET file, IIS passes the request to the ASP.NET engine on the server.
The ASP.NET engine reads the file, line by line, and executes the scripts in the file.
Finally, the ASP.NET file is returned to the browser as plain HTML

Collected Online Articles - Readings - Knols

Comments

Short urls

http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/2utb2lsm2k7a/3876
Narayana Rao - 25 Jan 2011

Short urls

http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao-k-v-s-s/-/2utb2lsm2k7a/3876
Narayana Rao - 25 Jan 2011

Thursday, May 31, 2012

Linux - Online Book of Readings

Linux - Knol Book

Linux - Knol Book

50 Knols with 1000 page views and more (404 knols 31.8.2011) 108 articles with 500 and more page views

Authors






  

Collected Knols

  • Linux Commands
    Linux Command
  • Open File Limits Settings on Ubuntu (new link)
    Developer Workstation ulimit
  • How to set up an email server using Linux and Postfix
    A guide to setting up a secure, scalable and high performance email server
  • Configuring VMware 2.0 Server Networking on a Linux host
    Configure Vmware 2.0 server networking
  • Create a minimal Centos Linux Install
  • Linux Overview
    A Open Source World
  • 10 Linux commands you’ve never used
  • Linux and Shell Commands
    Linux, Linux/Unix Shells
  • Linux Free Request CD's & Download Major Linux Distributions
    A Linux Collections
  • How to Restart ALSA Sound Driver in Linux
    Restarting Advanced Linux Sound Architecture
  • Howto migrate to Linux
    Tips and ideas for a sucessful migration to Linux

Comments

Short urls

http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/2utb2lsm2k7a/3873
Narayana Rao - 24 Jan 2011

Operating System - Online Knol Book

Operating System - Knol Book

Operating System - Knol Book

Operating System - Online Lectures, Berkeley

Authors

 
Operating System:
Processes, Threads, Inter-process communication, Concurrency, Synchronization, Deadlock, CPU scheduling, Memory management and virtual memory, File systems, I/O systems, Protection and security.
 
(Listen to Berkeley lectures on most of the topics in the above syllabus
 
  1. Introduction, What is an Operating System Anyway???
  2. Concurrency: Processes, Threads, and Address Spaces
  3. Thread Dispatching
  4. Cooperating Threads
  5. Synchronization
  6. Readers-Writers; Language Support for Synchronization
  7. Tips for working in a Project Team/ Cooperating Processes and Deadlock
  8. Deadlock (continued) - Thread Scheduling
  9. Scheduling (continued) - Protection: Kernel and Address Spaces
  10. Address Translation
  11. Address Translation 2, Caching and TLBs
  12. Caching and TLBs 2, Caching and Demand Paging
  13. Page Allocation and Replacement
  14. Page Allocation and Replacement 2, Survey of I/O Systems
  15. File Systems and Disk Management
  16. Queueing Theory, Filesystems
  17. Filesystems, Naming, and Directories
  18. Networks and Distributed Systems
  19. Network Protocols
  20. Network Protocols III
  21. Network Communication Abstractions/RPC
  22. Protection and Security in Distributed Systems II
  23. ManyCore OS and Peer-to-Peer Systems
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interesting Web Pages
 
UC Berkeley Onine Lectures Audio

Collected Knols

    Comments

    Invitation to Knol Authors

    Please indicate your knols relevant to this book collection.

    Please write knols on topics on which knols are not there presently.

    Narayana Rao - 19 Jan 2011

    Short urls

    http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/2utb2lsm2k7a/3847

    Narayana Rao - 19 Jan 2011

    Computer Science and Engineering - Curriculums

    Computer Science and Engineering - Curriculums

    Friday, May 11, 2012

    Microprocessors and Microcontrollers

    Advanced Microprocessors - Mumbai University Syllabus and Notes


    Syallabus  (Downloaded May 2012)
    http://www.djscoe.org/Syllabus/Computer/Semester6.pdf

    Module  -  Contents              
    1   Introduction to Pipelined Processors:                          
    Pipelining: An Overlapped Parallelism, Linear pipelining,
    Classification of Pipelined Processors, Principles  of designing
    pipeline processor, Data Flow  computers,
    Systolic architecture, Superscalar, Super pipeline  and VLI W
    processors.
    ______________


    ______________

    2        Intel 80386DX Processor:                                          
    Detailed study of Block diagram, Signal interfaces, Bus cycles,
    Programming model, Operating modes, Address translation
    mechanism  in protected mode, Memory management, Protection
    mechanism.

    3           Intel P5 Micro architecture:
    Pentium Processor Block diagram, Superscalar operation,
    Integer pipeline Stages , Floating point pipeline stages, Branch
    prediction logic, Cache unit.

    4         Intel P6 Micro architectures:
    Introduction to Pentium-Pr o Processor, Special Pentium-Pro
    features,
    Introduction to Pentium-2 Processor, Pentium-2 software
    changes, Pentium-3 processors.

    5        Pentium-4 & IA-64 Architectures:                                    
    Pentium-4 Net Burst Architecture, IA-64 Itanium Processor
    architecture

    6        Sun SPARC Architecture:                                            
    SPARC Processor, Data Formats, Registers, Memory model.
    Study of
    SuperSPARC and UltraSPARC architectures

    7        Study of System Buses:                                              
    Features, classifications, applications of the system buses like I
    SA, ATA,
    SCSI, PCI  and USB. (Study of the buses is without signals and
    the timing
    diagrams),
    BOOKS
        1)   Computer Architecture and Parallel Procesing: By Hwang & Briggs ( McGr aw
    Hill
               International edition).
        2)   Pentium Processor System Architecture: By  Tom Shanley & Don Anderson
    (Mindshare                
               Publishing).
        3)    Intel Microprocessors: By Barry B. Brey (Pearson Education)
        4)    Advanced Microprocessor: By Roy & Bhurchandi (Tata McGraw Hill).
        5)    Advanced Microprocessors: By Daniel Tabak (McGraw Hill)
        6)   The SPARC Architecture Manual (Version 8).
        7)   Intel Manuals.


    Computer Architecture and Parallel Procesing: By Hwang & Briggs ( McGr aw
    Hill   International edition).
    http://books.google.co.in/books/about/Computer_architecture_and_parallel_proce.html?id=bN9QAAAAMAAJ


    Pentium Processor System Architecture: By  Tom Shanley & Don Anderson
    (Mindshare  Publishing).
    http://books.google.co.in/books?id=TVzjEZg1--YC

    Intel Microprocessors: By Barry B. Brey (Pearson Education)
    http://books.google.co.in/books?id=P1jsNwAACAAJ


    Advanced Microprocessor: By Roy & Bhurchandi (Tata McGraw Hill).
    http://books.google.co.in/books?id=KJNpD2KimEsC



    80386 and 80486
    Internal Architecture
    http://ecourses.vtu.ac.in/nptel/courses/Webcourse-contents/IISc-BANG/Microprocessors%20and%20Microcontrollers/pdf/module8.pdf



    Tuesday, May 1, 2012

    Database Systems and Management - Introduction - Chapter

    Database Systems and Management - Introduction - Chapter

    Database Systems and Management - Introduction - Chapter

    Authors

    Collected Knols and Online Articles

    Database System Architectures

    Database System Architectures

    Database System Architectures

    Authors

    Collected Knols

      Monday, April 30, 2012

      Computer Graphics - Knol Book

      Computer Graphics - Knol Book

      Camera 2.0

      Camera 2.0

      Camera 2.0

      Authors


      Camera 2.0 provides addional capabilities to currently existing digital cameras. The representative new techniques include high dynamic range imaging, flash-noflash imaging, coded aperture and coded exposure imaging, photography under structured illumination, multi-perspective and panoramic stitching, digital photomontage, all-focus imaging, and light field imaging.

      Camera 2.0 is still in laboratories getting developed.

      The Camera 2.0 project is a Stanford project, and it began as a collaboration between the Stanford Computer Graphics Laboratory and the Nokia Research Center Palo Alto Laboratory. It has further  received funding from Adobe Systems, Kodak, Sony, Hewlett-Packard, The Walt Disney Company, Intel, Texas Instruments, Google, NVIDIA, and Sony and NSF.

      http://graphics.stanford.edu/projects/camera-2.0/


      _____________________

      Stanford Researchers offers open software for cameras 2010
      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=stHNUO6-PfE
      _____________________

      Frankencamera 2010
      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHILNF6wT3g
      _____________________

      Franken Camera - Assembly - 2011 May - Technology Review video

      _____________________

      Collected Knols

        Comments

        Short urls

        http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/2utb2lsm2k7a/5473

        Narayana Rao - 22 Aug 2011