Monday, November 19, 2018

Big Data - Analysis - Articles, Books and Research Papers - Bibliography


"Big data is where parallel computing tools are needed to handle data" - 2018 definition.

Big Data - Introduction

Big Data - Wikipedia Article



http://www.bigdata-madesimple.com/research-papers-that-changed-the-world-of-big-data/

It is a collection of research papers in the area of Big Data

MapReduce: Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters

This paper presents MapReduce, a programming model and its implementation for large-scale distributed clusters. The main idea is to have a general execution model for codes that need to process a large amount of data over hundreds of machines.

The Google File System

It presents Google File System, a scalable distributed file system for large distributed data-intensive applications, which provides fault tolerance while running on inexpensive commodity hardware, and it delivers high aggregate performance to a large number of clients.

Bigtable: A Distributed Storage System for Structured Data

This paper presents the simple data model provided by Bigtable, which gives clients dynamic control over data layout and format, and the design and implementation of Bigtable.

Dynamo: Amazon’s Highly Available Key-value Store

This paper presents the design and implementation of Dynamo, a highly available key-value storage system that some of Amazon's core services use to provide an "always-on" experience.

The Chubby lock service for loosely-coupled distributed systems

Chubby is a distributed lock service; it does a lot of the hard parts of building distributed systems and provides its users with a familiar interface (writing files, taking a lock, file permissions). The paper describes it, focusing on the API rather than the implementation details.

Chukwa: A large-scale monitoring system

This paper describes the design and initial implementation of Chukwa, a data collection system for monitoring and analyzing large distributed systems. Chukwa is built on top of Hadoop, an open source distributed filesystem and MapReduce implementation, and inherits Hadoop’s scalability and robustness.

Cassandra - A Decentralized Structured Storage System

Cassandra is a distributed storage system for managing very large amounts of structured data spread out across many commodity servers, while providing highly available service with no single point of failure.

HadoopDB: An Architectural Hybrid of MapReduce and DBMS Technologies for Analytical Workloads

There are two schools of thought regarding what technology to use for data analysis. Proponents of parallel databases argue that the strong emphasis on performance and efficiency of parallel databases makes them well-suited to perform such analysis. On the other hand, others argue that MapReduce-based systems are better suited due to their superior scalability, fault tolerance, and flexibility to handle unstructured data. This paper explores the feasibility of building a hybrid system.

S4: Distributed Stream Computing Platform.

This paper outlines the S4 architecture in detail, describes various applications, including real-life deployments, to show that the S4 design is surprisingly flexible and lends itself to run in large clusters built with commodity hardware.

Dremel: Interactive Analysis of Web-Scale Datasets

This paper describes the architecture and implementation of Dremel, a scalable, interactive ad-hoc query system for analysis of read-only nested data, and explains how it complements MapReduce-based computing.

Large-scale Incremental Processing Using Distributed Transactions and Notifications

Percolator is a system for incrementally processing updates to a large data set, and deployed it to create the Google web search index. This indexing system based on incremental processing replaced Google's batch-based indexing system.

Pregel: A System for Large-Scale Graph Processing

This paper presents a computational model suitable to solve many practical computing problems that concerns large graphs.

Spanner: Google’s Globally-Distributed Database

It explains about Spanner, Google’s scalable, multi-version, globally-distributed, and synchronously-replicated database. It is the first system to distribute data at global scale and sup-port externally-consistent distributed transactions.

Shark: Fast Data Analysis Using Coarse-grained Distributed Memory

Shark is a research data analysis system built on a novel coarse-grained distributed shared-memory abstraction. Shark marries query processing with deep data analysis, providing a unified system for easy data manipulation using SQL and pushing sophisticated analysis closer to data.

The PageRank Citation Ranking: Bringing Order to the Web

This paper describes PageRank, a method for rating Web pages objectively and mechanically, effectively measuring the human interest and attention devoted to them.

A Few Useful Things to Know about Machine Learning

This paper summarizes twelve key lessons that machine learning researchers and practitioners have learned, which include pitfalls to avoid, important issues to focus on, and answers to common questions.

Random Forests

This paper describes a method of building a forest of uncorrelated trees using a CART like procedure, combined with randomized node optimization and bagging. In addition, it combines several ingredients, which form the basis of the modern practice of random forests.

A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks

Written by EF Codd in 1970, this paper was a breakthrough in Relational Data Base systems. He was the man who first conceived of the relational model for database management.

Map-Reduce for Machine Learning on Multicore

The paper focuses on developing a general and exact technique for parallel programming of a large class of machine learning algorithms for multicore processors. The central idea is to allow a future programmer or user to speed up machine learning applications by "throwing more cores" at the problem rather than search for specialized optimizations.

Megastore: Providing Scalable, Highly Available Storage for Interactive Services

This paper describes Megastore, a storage system developed to blend the scalability of a NoSQL datastore with the convenience of a traditional RDBMS in a novel way.

Finding a needle in Haystack: Facebook’s photo storage

This paper describes Haystack, an object storage system optimized for Facebook’s Photos application. Facebook currently stores over 260 billion images, which translates to over 20 petabytes of data.

Spark: Cluster Computing with Working Sets

This paper focuses on applications that reuse a working set of data across multiple parallel operations and proposes a new framework called Spark that supports these applications while retaining the scalability and fault tolerance of MapReduce.

The Unified Logging Infrastructure for Data Analytics at Twitter

This paper presents Twitter’s production logging infrastructure and its evolution from application-specific logging to a unified “client events” log format, where messages are captured in common, well-formatted, flexible Thrift messages.

F1: A Distributed SQL Database That Scales

F1 is a distributed relational database system built at Google to support the AdWords business. F1 is a hybrid database that combines high availability, the scalability of NoSQL systems like Bigtable, and the consistency and usability of traditional SQL databases.

MLbase: A Distributed Machine-learning System

This paper presents MLbase, a novel system harnessing the power of machine learning for both end-users and ML researchers.

Scalable Progressive Analytics on Big Data in the Cloud

This paper presents a new approach that gives more control to data scientists to carefully choose from a huge variety of sampling strategies in a domain-specific manner.

Big data: The next frontier for innovation, competition, and productivity

This is paper one of the most referenced documents in the world of Big Data. It describes current and potential applications of Big Data.

The Promise and Peril of Big Data

This paper summarizes the insights of the Eighteenth Annual Roundtable on Information Technology, which sought to understand the implications of the emergence of  “Big Data” and new techniques of inferential analysis.

TDWI Checklist Report: Big Data Analytics

This paper provides six guidelines on implementing Big Data Analytics. It helps you take the first steps toward achieving a lasting competitive edge with analytics.

http://www.bigdata-madesimple.com/research-papers-that-changed-the-world-of-big-data/



Updated on 20 November 2018
Last updated 3 February 2015

Tuesday, November 13, 2018

Embedded Systems



E-Book

http://users.ece.utexas.edu/~valvano/Volume1/E-Book/

The material provided through EdX course is provided in a pre-edited form in the above website by authors for wider reading.

The contents are


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An embedded system combines mechanical, electrical, and chemical components along with a computer, hidden inside, to perform a single dedicated purpose.

The capabilities of the microcontrollers embedded into devices has increased over period of time.


 The ARM® Cortex™-M family represents a new class of microcontrollers much more powerful than the devices available ten years ago.

A digital multimeter is a typical embedded system.


There are two ways to develop embedded systems. The first technique uses a microcontroller, like the ARM Cortex M-series. In general, there is no operating system, so the entire software system is developed. These devices are suitable for low-cost, low-performance systems. On the other hand, one can develop a high-performance embedded system around a more powerful microcontroller such as the ARM Cortex A-series. These systems typically employ an operating system and are first designed on a development platform, and then the software and hardware are migrated to a stand-alone embedded platform.

Monday, August 20, 2018

Artificial Intelligence Trends


Top 10 artificial intelligence (AI) technology trends for 2018
December 5, 2017 by Anand Rao, Joseph Voyles and Pia Ramchandani
Learn about the artificial intelligence advances that will have the most impact.
http://usblogs.pwc.com/emerging-technology/top-10-ai-tech-trends-for-2018/

Tuesday, July 24, 2018

High-speed data transmission for next generation wireless networks. - Project Millilink - 100 GBPS Data Transfer



https://www.ilh.uni-stuttgart.de/en/research/mmw/completed/millilink

Research activities and follow-up programs on the project MilliLink in the field of high bit-rate wireless communication systems are driven by Prof. Kallfass at the newly founded ILH.

https://www.ilh.uni-stuttgart.de/en/research/


2018
100 Gbit/s link for research and education (ANA-300G)
https://www.surf.nl/en/services-and-products/netherlight/100-gbit-s-link-for-research-and-education-ana-300g/index.html

https://www.wireless100gb.de/publication_pl2015_en.html

2013
Researchers of the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics and the Karlsruhe Institute for Technology have achieved the wireless transmission of 40 Gbit/s at 240 GHz over a distance of one kilometer. Their most recent demonstration sets a new world record and ties in seamlessly with the capacity of optical fiber transmission. In the future, such radio links will be able to close gaps in providing broadband internet by supplementing the network in rural areas and places which are difficult to access.
http://www.kit.edu/kit/english/pi_2013_12950.php


In their record experiment, 100 gigabits of data per second were transmitted at a frequency of 237.5 GHz over a distance of 20 m in the laboratory.
http://www.kit.edu/kit/english/pi_2013_14082.php


Researchers achieve 100 Gbps data transfer speed
Millilink project, started in 2010, represents an inexpensive and flexible alternative to optical fibre network
Oct 16 2013/
https://www.livemint.com/Industry/pn8fUMBnpLd3EuUFoWkmOM/Researchers-achieve-100-Gbps-data-transfer-speed.html

https://phys.org/news/2013-10-world-wireless-transmission-gbits.html


Monday, August 21, 2017

The Evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) - Developments in IoT





IoT Evolution Expo Las Vegas 2017

August 16, 2017
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IoT Evolution


Cisco Keynote at IoT Evolution Expo Ft Lauderdale 2017
14 Mar 2017
Maciej Kranz of Cisco speaks at IoT Evolution Expo Ft Lauderdale 2017
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Cisco Live 2016: The Business of IoT: Go Fast and Grow Fast Now
13 Jul 2016
The Business of IoT: Go Fast and Grow Fast Now - Rowan Trollope, Jahangir Mohammed, and Sandy Hogan.

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Cisco



2013

A white paper on IoT evolution by Texas Instruments
http://www.ti.com/lit/ml/swrb028/swrb028.pdf

Monday, July 31, 2017

Recent Books - IoT - Industry 4.0



E-Technologies: Embracing the Internet of Things: 7th International Conference, MCETECH 2017, Ottawa, ON, Canada, May 17-19, 2017, Proceedings


Esma Aïmeur, Umar Ruhi, Michael Weiss
Springer, 09-Jun-2017 - Computers - 319 pages


This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on E-Technologies, MCETECH 2017, held in Ottawa, ON, Canada, in May 2017.
This year’s conference drew special attention to the ever-increasing role of the Internet of Things (IoT); and the contributions span a variety of application domains such as e-Commerce, e-Health, e-Learning, and e-Justice, comprising research from models and architectures, methodology proposals, prototype implementations, and empirical validation of theoretical models.

The 19 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: pervasive computing and smart applications; security, privacy and trust; process modeling and adaptation; data analytics and machine learning; and e-health and e-commerce.

https://books.google.co.in/books?id=UWbTDgAAQBAJ


Industry X.0: Realizing Digital Value in Industrial Sectors


Eric Schaeffer
Kogan Page Publishers, 03-May-2017 - Business & Economics - 192 pages


Industry X.0 takes an insightful look at the business impact of the Internet of Things movement on the industrial sphere. Eric Schaeffer combines deep analysis with practical strategic guidance, and offers tangible and actionable recommendations on how to realise value in the current digital age. Based on extensive research and insights into the six core competencies that have been identified by Accenture, Industry X.0 explores critical aspects of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), discussing and defining them in an engaging and accessible manner. These include managing smart data, handling digital product development, skilling up the workforce, mastering innovation, making the most of platforms and ecosystems, and much more.

Meticulously researched and clearly explained, Industry X.0 makes a stringent case for companies to actively shift mind-sets away from products, towards services, value and outcomes. Complemented by a wealth of case studies and real world examples, this book provides invaluable, practical 'how-to' advice for business organizations as they embark on their journeys into the era of the IIoT.

https://books.google.co.in/books?id=PNy_DgAAQBAJ